10,000 Famous Freemasons by William R. Denslow

10,000 FAMOUS

FREEMASONS

WILLIAM R. DENSLOW

Volume II

E - J

Foreword by

HARRY S. TRUMAN, P.G.M.
Past Master, Missouri Lodge of Research

Published by
Macoy Publishing & Masonic Supply Co., Inc.
Richmond, Virginia

Copyright, I957, William R. Denslow

Henry P. Eames (1872-1950) Pianist and lecturer. b. Sept. 12, 1872 in Chicago, Ill. Studied in U.S. and abroad under private teachers including Madam Clara Schumann and Ignace Paderewski. Graduate of Northwestern U. in 1894. He established the Omaha School of Music and was connected with the musical departments of several schools including U. of Nebr., Illinois Wesleyan U.; U. of Calif.; U. of Hawaii; U. of N. Mex. Published over 30 songs and choruses. Made 14 annual concert-lecture tours of America and several abroad. Member of Lancaster Lodge No. 54, Lincoln, Nebr., receiving degrees on March 13, April 17 and May 29, 1903; suspended April 7, 1916. d. Nov. 25, 1950.

Harry B. Earhart (1870-1954) Shipowner, manufacturer and oil executive. b. Dec. 21, 1870 at Worthington, Pa. From 1888-1904 he was owner of vessels on the Great Lakes; from 1904-10 was engaged in the manufacture of machinery and from 1910-32 was president and chairman of the board of the White Star Refining Co., and during the same period was director of Vacuum Oil Co. He was director of the National Safety Council at one time. Raised Nov. 13, 1893 in Ionic Lodge No. 186, Duluth, Mimi. and affiliated with Palestine Lodge No. 357, Detroit on April 13, 1913, becoming a life member of same Jan. 7, 1937. Member of Scottish Rite. d. Oct. 21, 1954.

R. E. W. Earl American artist. Painted numerous portraits of Andrew Jackson, q.v., member of Cumberland Lodge No. 8, Nashville, Tenn.

Clarence E. Earle (1893-1953) Chemical engineer. b. Aug. 27, 1893 at Bengies, Md. He graduated from George Washington U. in 1923. Employed by U.S. government and many private firms as a chemical engineer and was president of Breco Mfg. Co. and director of Medical Chemicals, Inc., as well as Insl-X Co. He discovered and developed lithium soap lubricating greases used in aircraft manufacture. Also originated and developed all-purpose hydraulic oil and chemical polar compounds for thin film preservation of metallic surfaces against corrosion. He developed an aircraft carbon monoxide detector and pioneered the discovery of a series of chemical compounds known as phenyl-ammonio salts used as a mycotic drug in South Pacific. Raised in Delnorta Lodge No. 105, Delnorta, Colo. and affiliated with Jephthah Lodge No. 222 (Md.) on June 17, 1952. d. Nov. 15, 1953.

George H. Earle Governor of Pennsylvania, 1935-39. b. Dec. 5, 1890 in Devon, Pa. Holds honorary degrees from several universities. Associated with father in sugar industry at Philadelphia and later in Chicago. He founded Flamingo Sugar Mills in Philadelphia and was active in various business activities until appointed envoy and minister (E.E. and M.P.) to Austria in 1933-34. In 1940-41 he was minister to Bulgaria and in 1943 assistant naval attache at Istanbul, Turkey. Served in army on Mexican Border and in WWI entered navy and was commander of U.S.S. Victor, submarine chaser. Received Navy Cross. Member of Lodge No. 9 in Philadelphia, Pa. and Shriner.

Roy B. Earling Vice president of U. S. Smelting, Refining & Mining Co. and in charge of Alaska operations since 1935. b. May 29, 1887 at Milwaukee, Wis. With U. S. Smelting since 1925. Mason.

Claudius M. Easley (1891-1945) Brigadier General, U.S. Army. b. July 11, 1891 at Thorp Spring, Tex. Graduated from Texas A. & M. Coll. in 1916 and graduate of several Army service schools. Commissioned in 1917 and advanced through grades to brigadier general. Mason. d. June 19, 1945 and buried in 96th Infantry Div. Cemetery in Okinawa.

Edmund P. Easterbrook (18651933) Chief of chaplains, U.S. Army, 1928-30. b. Dec. 22, 1865 in Torquay, England. He was ordained as a Methodist minister in 1889. He served as a chaplain in the Spanish-American War and in Cuba with the Army of Occupation. He was commissioned a chaplain in the Army by President McKinley in 1900 and served as such in the Philippine Insurrection from 1900-05. He was in WWI with U.S. forces in Germany from 1919-23. On return to U.S. was stationed at Fort Sam Houston, Tex. and Fort Monroe, Va. Mason. d. Jan. 18, 1933.

Rufus Easton (1774-1834) First postmaster West of the Mississippi River (St. Louis) and first attorney general of Missouri. b. May 4, 1774 at Litchfield, Conn. He studied law in the office of Ephraim Kirby, q.v., and was admitted to the bar in 1795. In 1803 he went to Washington, D.C. where he met a number of prominent statesmen. Following his death, letters were found in his effects from Col. Aaron Burr, Postmaster General Gideon Granger, Governor DeWitt Clinton and others. It was his intention to locate in New Orleans, but upon reaching Vincennes, Ind. in 1804 he decided to remain there and practice in the courts of the territory. Heaccompanied General Harrison to St. Louis and took up residence there. In 1815 President Jefferson gave him a commission as judge of the Territory of Louisiana. Following Missouri's admission as a state, President Monroe appointed him U.S. attorney general for the state, an office which he held until his retirement in 1826. He also served Missouri in the U.S. Congress. As postmaster of St. Louis he had difficulties with General James Wilkinson, q.v., who was one of the conspirators with Aaron Burr. Easton supported the policies of Jefferson and complained of "spies and informers" of the Wilkinson camp. He entered Freemasonry through Roman Lodge No. 82 of New York and assisted in the organization of Western Star Lodge No. 107, Kaskaskia, Ill. When St. Louis Lodge No. 111 was organized, he became a charter member and officer. Easton was one of the incorporators of the first territorial bank of St. Louis in 1813, being elected a director in 1814. He also was land agent from 1808-18. In 1822 he moved to St. Charles, Mo., where he died July 5, 1834. He left a large family, one daughter marrying Henry S. Geyer, later U.S. senator; another married Governor Hamilton Gamble. His daughter, Mary, married George C. Sibley and together they founded Lindenwood College at St. Charles in 1831.

Stanley A. Easton President of Bunker Hill & Sullivan Mining and Concentrating Co.—one of the largest lead and silver mines in the world. b. April 7, 1873 at Santa Cruz, Calif. Graduate of U. of Calif. Coll. of Mines in 1894. He is also president of Sullivan Mining Co. and Caledonia Mining Co. Mason.

Barney E. Eaton (1878-1944) President of Mississippi Power Co. from 1924. b. Dec. 5, 1878 at Taylorsville, Miss. Graduate of Millsaps Coll., Jackson. Admitted to the bar in 1903 and practiced at Hattiesburg. He affiliated with Gulfport Lodge No. 422 on May 1, 1919, Gulfport, Miss. and dimitted Aug. 3, 1933. d. July 18, 1944.

Hubert Eaton Originator of the "memorial-park" plan for cemeteries, substituting tablets set level with the lawn for tombstones, providing art collections, historical buildings, etc., thereby revolutionizing cemeteries throughout the U.S. He is known as "the builder" of Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale, Calif., which is noted for its collection of stained glass works of American sculptors and recreations of Last Supper and Calvary. b. June 3, 1881 at Liberty, Mo., he graduated from William Jewell Coll. in Liberty in 1902. A chemist, he has been associated with many of the main mining companies of America including Anaconda, Teziutlan Copper (Mexico), Adaven Mining (Nev.). Raised in Euclid Lodge No. 58, Great Falls, Mont. in 1905 and presently member of Southern California Lodge No. 278, Los Angeles. Member of Liberty Chapter No. 3, R.A.M., Liberty, Mo., Los Angeles Commandery No. 9, K.T., Al Malaikah Shrine of Los Angeles and of Shrine Patrol. Served as junior deacon of his lodge.

James M. Eaton Vice President of American Overseas Airlines. b. Feb. 15, 1888 at Palatka, Fla. Graduated from U. of Maine in 1910. Eaton became interested in airplanes when he made his first flight with Ed Wiggins in 1913. In 1914 he assisted in establishing service between Tampa and St. Petersburg, Fla. (21 miles), which is now credited as the world's first scheduled airline. In 1920 he went to Europe to investigate the possibility of using wartime aircraft for commercial operation, but concluded they were not adequate. He was later with Pan American Airways and president of Ludington Airlines (New York to Washington every hour). Mason.

John H. Eaton (1790-1856) U.S. Secretary of War under Jackson, 1829-31; U.S. Senator from Tennessee; Governor of Territory of Forida, 183436; U.S. Minister to Spain, 1836-40. b. in Tenn. He studied law and after admission to the bar, practiced in Nashville. He is the author of Life of Andrew Jackson (1824), and was a personal friend of the president. Eaton was a member of Cumberland Lodge No. 8, Nashville; was elected an honorary member of Federal Lodge No. 1 at Washington, D.C. on Jan. 4, 1830; was an honorary member of the Grand Lodge of Florida. He was present at the communication of the Grand Lodge of Tenn. in 1825 and participated in the meeting at the U.S. Capitol in 1822 for the purpose of forming a general grand lodge. He is also recorded as a visitor at Nashville Lodge No. 37 (Tenn.) on June 2, 1825. d. Nov. 17, 1856.

William Eaton (1764-1811) Soldier and early political figure. b. Feb. 23, 1764 at Woodstock, Conn. He entered the Revolutionary army at age of 16 and served 19 years. He graduated at Dartmouth in 1790 and in 1797 was appointed consul to Tunis and for several years was engaged in altercations with the bey in regard to the annual "blackmail" payments this country made to Tunis to prevent them from molesting American ships. He returned to the U.S. in 1803 and was appointed U.S. naval agent to the Barbary states. In this capacity he embarked on a romantic attempt to restore the exiled pasha, Hamet, to the throne, carrying out a small war with 500 men on his own initiative and utilizing two ships of the U.S. fleet. His attempt failed, but Mass. granted him 10,000 acres of land for his "heroic enterprise." In 1806 Aaron Burr, q.v., attempted to enlist Eaton in his conspiracy and at Burr's trial in Richmond, Eaton was one of his accusors. He was made a Mason in North Star Lodge, Manchester, Vt. in 1792. At one time he wrote a eulogy for George Washington, "composed for the celebration of St. George at Monson, 22nd inst." The last verses conclude: "Approving Heaven, with fostering hand, Gave Masons triumph through this land; And firmly to secure our craft, From bigot rage and envy's shaft, Sent a Grand Master, Freedom's son, The God-like patriot, Washington!" d. June 1, 1811.

William R. Eaton (1877-1943) U.S. Congressman, 71st and 72nd Congresses (1929-33) from 1st Colorado dist. b. Dec. 17, 1877 at Pugwash, N.S., Canada and brought to U.S. by parents the following year. Graduate of U. of Denver in 1909, he was admitted to the bar that year. He served two terms in the state senate. Raised March 22, 1902 in Union Lodge No. 7, Denver, Colo.; exalted Feb. 14, 1912 in Colorado Chapter No. 29, R.A.M. and knighted March 14, 1922 in Denver Commandery No. 25, K.T., all of Denver. Received 32° AASR (SJ) on Oct. 22, 1921 in Colorado Consistory No. 1, Denver and was KCCH. d. Dec. 16, 1942.

Charles H. Ebbets (1859-1925) Owner of the Brooklyn Dodgers (National League) and non-playing manager for the team in 1898. b. Oct. 29, 1859 in New York City. He was president of the National League from 1898-1925 and is a member of Baseball's National Hall of Fame as an owner. Ebbets Field is named for him. Member of Greenwood Lodge No. 569, New York City. d. April 18, 1925.

George A. Eberly Associate Justice, Supreme Court of Nebraska, 1925-43. b. Feb. 9, 1871 at Ft. Wayne, Ind. Received LL.B. and LL.M. from U. of Mich. Resident of Nebraska from 1873 and admitted to the bar in 1893. He served in the Spanish-American War in 1898 and Mexican border service in 1916. He was a colonel in WWI. In 1949 he was commander-in-chief of the Spanish-American War Veterans. Member and past master of Northern Light Lodge No. 41, Stanton, Nebr. He holds membership in the York Rite bodies of Omaha and is 32° AASR (SJ) in the Valley of Omaha; National Sojourner, and member of Tangier Shrine Temple, Omaha.

Frederick H. Ecker President of Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. 192936. b. Aug. 30, 1867 in Phoenicia, N.Y. With Metropolitan since 1883; comptroller in 1905; treasurer in 1906; director in 1909, vice president in 1919, and chairman of board of directors after retirement as president in 1936. Also vice-president and trustee of Union Dime Saving Bank; trustee of Consolidated Edison Co. and director of Chase National Bank and Western Union Telegraph Co. Member of Kane Lodge No. 454, New York City, receiving degrees on May 20, June 3 and June 17, 1902; received 50-year membership award in 1953; served a number of years on the Kane-Peary Room committee of his lodge.

Henry Eckford (1775-1832) Early American naval architect. b. March 12, 1775 in Irvine, Scotland. At 16 he was placed with a naval constructor at Quebec and in 1796 moved to New York, where he introduced important changes in the art of shipbuilding. His vessels were superior in strength and speed to all others and in the War of 1812 he was employed by the U.S. government to build ships. Following the war he built the steamer Robert Fulton. In 1820 he was appointed naval constructor at Brooklyn and he built six ships of the line including the famous Ohio which was claimed to be the finest in the world. Disagreeing with the naval commissioners, he left government service and built a sloop-of-war for Sultan Mahmoud of the Ottoman empire and was solicited to enter his service. This led him to a visit to Turkey where he established a navy yard and died at Constantinople on Nov. 12, 1832. He was a member of Fortitude Lodge No. 48 (now No. 19) of Brooklyn, N.Y. and was first junior warden of the lodge.

Karl F. Eckleff (1723-1789) German physician who was active in the propagation of the high grades of Freemasonry in Sweden between 1752 and 1759. It was in the latter year that the "secret constitutions" were adopted. In 1766 he sold to Berlin Masons such rights and rituals as he held and tried to do the same insofar as Sweden was concerned. However, he finally relinquished all rights to the Duke of Sudermania, q.v. in 1774 and the duke (later King Charles XIII, q.v.), who gained control of the symbolic degrees through the resignation of Count Scheffer, became the head of all forms of Freemasonry in Sweden.

Zales N. Ecton U.S. Senator from Montana, 1948. b. April 1, 1898 at Weldon, Ia. He was state representative from 1933-37 and state senator, 1937-46. He is secretary and director of the Flying D, Inc., a ranch and cattle company at Gallatin Gateway, Mont. Mason, 32° AASR (SJ) and Shriner. At one time he was in the line of the Grand Lodge of Montana and at the annual communication in 1952 addressed the grand lodge.

Paul D. Eddy President of Ade1phi College, Garden City, N.Y. since 1937. b. Feb. 18, 1895 in Montgomery, Ala. Graduate of U. of Pennsylvania and ordained to ministry of Methodist Church, serving several Pennsylvania churches. He was director of the Wesley Foundation in the Philippines in 1929-30 and executive director of the Religious Educational Foundation, 1931-37. Served in U.S. Navy in WWI. Member of Garden City Lodge No. 1083, Garden City, L.I., N.Y. and chaplain of same several years.

Samuel Eddy (1769-1839) Chief Justice, Supreme Court of Rhode Island, 1827-35 and U.S. Congressman, 1819-25. b. March 31, 1769 in Johnston, R.I., he graduated at Brown U. in 1787 and studied law. He was clerk of the R.I. supreme court in 1790-93 and secretary of state from 1798-1819. Member of St. John's Lodge No. 1 at Providence, being initiated Feb. 1, 1792. d. Feb. 2, 1839.

William H. Eddy (1817-1859) Hero of the Donner Party trapped in the Sierra Nevada mountains in winter of 1846-47. b. in Providence, R.I. in 1817. In 1845 he was working as a wheelwright in Belleville, Ill. He joined the Donner Party for the trip to California and with James Frazier Reed, q.v., and William McCutchen, q.v., is referred to as one of the "big three" of that ill-fated group. Eddy's privations and experiences were particularly harrowing, for his wife and two children perished of cold and starvation. He led the "Forlorn Hope" group—ten men and five women, who made a desperate attempt to escape from their snowy prison and obtain relief for the rest of the party. It took them 32 days to get out and all the men except Eddy and a William Foster died on the way. They left bloody footprints on the snow as their shoes wore out and their shredded clothing was frozen to their bodies. His exertions led to his early death on Dec. 24, 1859 of angina pectoris. On July 11, 1850 he was one of the 15 brethren at San Jose who petitioned the grand lodge for a dispensation to open a lodge in that city. His name later appears on the records of San Jose Lodge No. 10 as a charter member. This shows he was a Mason before coming to San Jose, but there is no available record of his original membership. Unfortunately he was suspended NPD in 1857.

William Eden (1744-1814) (Lord Auckland) English barrister who served at different times as Secretary of State for Ireland, privy councillor and ambassador to France, Spain and Holland. Was made an Irish peer in 1789 with the title Baron Auckland, receiving the same title in the English peerage in 1793. He was one of the three commissioners sent by Lord North in 1788 to treat with the Americans. In 1770 he was grand steward of the Grand Lodge of England. d. May 28, 1814.

Arthur H. Edens President of Duke University since 1949. b. Feb. 14, 1901 at Willow Grove, Tenn. Degrees from Emory and Harvard U. Was dean at Emory Jr. Coll. and Emory U. until 1948. Mason.

Walter E. Edge (1873-1956) U.S. Senator from New Jersey, 1919-29; Governor of New Jersey during WWI and also WWII (1917-19 and 1943-46) and ambassador to France 1929-33. b. Nov. 20, 1873 in Philadelphia. He began as a printer's "devil" on the Atlantic Review, Atlantic City, N.J., and during his lifetime made a fortune in the advertising and publishing business. He is credited with helping to promote Atlantic City into prominence as a vacation spot. He was one of the first prominent men to back Eisenhower for the presidency in 1951. As ambassador to France, he won the admiration and respect of the French people and was instrumental in negotiating important trade treaties. He was raised Feb. 4, 1896 in Trinity Lodge No. 79, Atlantic City and affiliated with Belcher Lodge No. 180, Atlantic City on April 9, 1904. He was a visitor to the grand lodge sessions in 1917. Member of Evergreen Forest No. 49, Tall Cedars of Lebanon at Milford, Del. on June 9, 1923 and member of Crescent Shrine Temple, Trenton, N.J. d. Oct. 29, 1956.

Alonzo Jay Edgerton (1827-1896) U.S. Senator from Minnesota, March-Oct., 1881. b. June 7, 1827 in Rome, N.Y. Graduate of Wesleyan U. at Middletown, Conn. and settled in Mantorville, Minn. in 1855 where he practiced law. Was brigadier general in Civil War. Served terms in state senate. Moved to Kasson, Minn. in 1878. He was appointed chief justice of the territorial supreme court of Dakota and when South Dakota was admitted as a state, he was made U.S. judge of that district. He served as president of the constitutional convention of South Dakota. Made a Mason in 1851 in Grenada Lodge No. 31 of Miss. and later a member of Mantorville Lodge No. 11, Mantorville, Minn. He was grand scribe of the Grand Chapter, R.A.M. of Minn. in 1875 and also served as senior grand warden of the Grand Lodge of Minnesota. d. Aug. 9, 1896.

Harold E. Edgerton Electrical engineer and inventor of stroboscopic high-speed motion and still photography apparatus. b. April 6, 1903 in Fremont, Nebr. Graduate of U. of Nebr. and Mass. Institute of Tech. Employed as electrical engineer by Nebr. Light & Power Co., and General Electric Co. and professor at M.I.T. Member of Acacia fraternity. Raised in Aurora Lodge No. 68, Aurora, Nebr. and presently a member of Richard C. Maclaurin Lodge, Cambridge, Mass.

H.R.H. Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh Consort of Queen Elizabeth, q.v. b. June 10, 1921. Although a prince of the royal house of Greece, Philip is a descendant of the English royal house and of Queen Victoria. Victoria's third child, H.R.H. Princess Alice, who married Prince Louis, grand duke of Hesse, was the mother of Victoria Alberta, who married the Marquess of Milford Haven. Their eldest child, Alice, married Prince Andrew of Greece. They, in turn had five children, Philip being the youngest. He married H.R.H. Princess Elizabeth in November, 1947. Philip was initiated in Navy Lodge No. 2612 of London on Dec. 5, 1952. Present at the initiation were the Earl of Scarbrough, grand master, q.v., and Geoffrey Fisher, archbishop of Canterbury. The lodge has many ties with the royal family as King Edward VII served as its first master in 1896 when he was Prince of Wales, q.v., King George VI, q.v., served as master when he was Duke of York. In 1928 H.R.H. Duke of Kent, q.v., was master and later became grand master of the Grand Lodge of England.

William Henry, Duke of Edinburgh (see Duke of Gloucester) Douglas L. Edmonds Justice, Supreme Court of California, 1936-56. b. in Chicago, Ill. Admitted to California bar in 1910 and practiced in Los Angeles until 1926 when he became municipal court judge and later superior court judge. Mason.

George W. Edmonds (1864-1939) U.S. Congressman, 63rd to 68th and 73rd Congresses (1913-25 and 193335) from 4th Pa. dist. b. Feb. 22, 1864 (and thus named George Washington). Was in retail drug business until 1887, when he became an organizer of the Black Diamond Coal Co. He continued throughout his life in the wholesale coal business. Received his degrees in Washington Lodge No. 59, Philadelphia on Jan. 10, March 14 and Oct. 9, 1906; affiliated with Olivet Lodge No. 607, Philadelphia on Sept. 24, 1907. d. Sept. 28, 1939.

Ed Edmondson U.S. Congressman to 83rd through 85th Congresses from 2nd Okla. dist. b. April 7, 1919 in Muskogee, Okla. Brother of J. Howard Edmondson, q.v., governor of Okla. Graduate of U. of Oklahoma and Georgetown U. Was a newspaperman with the Muskogee Daily and United Press, 1936-40 and a special F.B.I. agent, 1941-43. In 1946-47 while studying law at Georgetown U., hewas Washington correspondent for four Okla. newspapers. Admitted to the bar in 1947 and practiced in Muskogee with his brother. Served as a Naval lieutenant in WWII. Member of Muskogee Lodge No. 28; 32° AASR (SJ) in Indian Consistory at McAlester and member of Bedouin Shrine Temple of Muskogee.

J. Howard Edmondson Elected Governor of Oklahoma in 1958. b. Sept. 27, 1925 in Muskogee, a brother of Congressman Ed Edmondson, q.v. Graduated in law from U. of Oklahoma and served four years as county attorney of Tulsa Co., Okla. Served in Air Force in WWII and was flight commander. Member of Oriental Lodge No. 430, Muskogee, Okla. and 32° AASR (SJ) in Indian Consistory of McAlester, Okla.

George F. Edmunds (1828-1919) U.S. Senator from Vermont, 1866-91, resigning in the latter year. b. Feb. 1, 1828 at Richmond, Vt. Graduate of U. of Vt. in 1855. Member of Vermont lower house, 1854-59 and upper house, 1861-62. He authored the act in 1882 for suppression of polygamy in Utah and disfranchisement of those practicing it. It was known as the "Edmunds Act." He was president protem of the U.S. Senate during Arthur's presidency. Received 34 votes for Republican presidential nomination in 1880 and 93 in 1884. Member of Washington Lodge No. 3, Burlington, Vt. d. Feb. 27, 1919.

William R. Edrington (1872-1932) Capitalist. b. Feb. 22, 1872 in Madison Parish, La. He began in the investment business at Fort Worth, Texas in 1897, and became president of the Edrington-Minot Corp., Edrington Investment Co., and vice president of Minot Holding Corp. Member of Fort Worth Lodge No. 148, Fort Worth, Texas, receiving degrees on Dec. 27, 1897, May 13, 1898 and Feb. 13, 1899. d. Nov. 6, 1932.

Samuel C. Edsall (1860-1917) Episcopal Bishop. b. March 4, 1860 in Dixon, Ill. Was ordained deacon in 1888; priest in 1889. He founded St. Peter's Mission of Chicago in 1887. From 1889-99 he was rector of St. Peter's Church, Chicago and became missionary bishop of N.D. in 1899. In 1901 he was elected coadjutor bishop of Minn. d. Feb. 17, 1917. He was a member of Minneapolis Lodge No. 19, Minneapolis, Minn.

Merritt A. Edson (1897-1955) Major General, U.S. Marine Corps. b. April 25, 1897 in Rutland, Vt. Advanced to brigadier general in 1943, retiring as major general in 1947. Awarded Congressional Medal of Honor. Was with Marines in France in WWI and later served as a Marine aviator in the Pacific and Central America. A small arms expert, he taught and served in ordnance depots. From 1937-39 he was with 4th Marines in China and as commander of 1st Raider bn. participated in the Tarawa operations. He was assistant division commander of 2nd Marines in Saipan-Tinian operations and later commanding general of the service command of the Fleet Marine Force, Pacific. From 1946-47 he was member of staff of Chief of Naval Operations. After his retirement he became Vermont's first public safety commissioner. Raised in Olive Branch Lodge No. 64, Chester, Vt. on Feb. 24, 1926. d. Aug. 14, 1955.

Edward VII (1841-1910) King of England, 1901-10. Of the house of Saxe-Coburg, he was called The Peacemaker. Eldest son of Queen Victoria, he was created Prince of Wales in 1841. Studied at Edinburgh, Oxford, and Cambridge and served as a colonel in the army in 1858. He was the first British royal prince to visit a colony, visiting Canada in 1860, where on Sept. 1, he laid the cornerstone of the Canadian Parliament building at Ottawa. It is interesting to note that the government would not allow the Freemasons to take part in the ceremonies, but told them that they were welcome to appear in their regalia. It was on this trip that he visited the St. Louis, Mo. agricultural and mechanical fair on Sept. 26, arriving from Canada by way of Detroit and Chicago, and by steamer from Alton. He bought a fast trotting horse at the fair and dined on buffalo tongue, quail, prairie chicken and Missouri wine, departing the next day for Cincinnati. In 1863 he took a seat in the house of lords as Duke of Cornwall. His mother, Queen Victoria, would not allow him to take part in foreign negotiations until Gladstone's last ministry in 1892-94. He was chancellor of the U. of Wales, arranged the queen's jubilees, assisted in promoting the Royal College of Music, and won the Derby three times with his horses. As king, he promoted international amity by visits to European capitals. He brought the crown into active participation in public life and with all sections of the empire. He was initiated into Freemasonry in 1868 at Stockholm, Sweden by King Adolphus Frederick, q.v., who was also grand master of Sweden. He was master of Apollo University Lodge at Oxford in 1873; master of Prince of Wales Lodge No. 250, London and also of Royal Alpha Lodge, London. He was patron of the Grand Lodge of Scotland and Ireland and was honorary member of Edinburgh Lodge No. 1. He was patron of the Supreme Council of the 33° of England. Edward was elected grand master of the Grand Lodge of England on April 28, 1875 and installed that date in a ceremony at Albert Hall conducted by the Earl of Carnarvon, q.v., in the presence of 10,000 brethren. It was probably the most brilliant Masonic function ever held. He served as grand master until 1901 when he ascended the throne and took the title of "protector of the craft." Queen Alexandria Lodge No. 2932 of London was named for his queen with her permission and good wishes.

Edward VIII King of England, Jan. 20-Dec.11, 1936, abdicating to marry Mrs. Wallis Simpson, an American. Eldest son of George V. and Queen Mary, his full name is Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David. Before ascending to the throne, he was Prince of Wales, and after abdication, Duke of Windsor. He was prepared for the Navy at Osborne and Dartmouth and created Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester in 1911. At his investiture in Carnarvon Castle, he was the first English prince to address the Welsh in their own tongue. He served as a midshipman on the H.M.S. Hindostan and in WWI was with the B.E.F. in Flanders, France and on the Italian front. He was on the staff of the commander of the Mediterranean Force in Egypt and also with the Canadian Corps. Taking up his public duties in 1919, he toured Canada, U.S., Africa, and South America as England's favorite "Ambassador of the Empire." When he succeeded his father in 1936, he was the first bachelor king in 176 years. When he proposed to marry Mrs. Simpson nee Warfield and elevate her as queen, it raised a storm of protest resulting in his abdication. He later visited Germany to study social and housing conditions, and in 1939 was a major general attached to the B.E.F. staff in liaison work in France. From 1940-45 he was governor of the Bahama Islands. Edward was initiated by H.R.H. Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, q.v., on May 2, 1919 in the Household Brigade Lodge No. 2614—one of the lodges of which the grand master is permanent master. He was appointed senior warden of the lodge in 1920 and elected deputy master in 1921. On Oct. 25, 1922 he was installed as senior grand warden of the Grand Lodge of England in Royal Albert Hall in the presence of nearly 9,000 brethren. He was named provincial grand master for Surrey on July 22, 1924 and grand master of the Grand Lodge of England in 1936. He also served as grand superintendent of Royal Arch Masonry for Surrey. He was an honorary 33° of the Supreme Council, Scottish Rite of England.

Edward Augustus (Duke of Kent) (1767-1820) Fourth son of George III of England and father of Queen Victoria. A soldier, he became major general in 1793; lieutenant general in 1796, and full general in 1799. He was commander-in-chief of the forces in British North America in 1799-1800. From 1802-03 he was governor of Gibraltar and in 1805 was created field marshal. He was initiated in 1790 in Union Lodge of Geneva. In 1813 he was elected grand master of the Athol Grand Lodge, accepting the office in order to unite the two rival grand lodges. When his purpose had been accomplished, he resigned the grand-mastership and suggested his younger brother, Augustus Frederick, q.v., Duke of Sussex as grand master. This was accomplished, and Augustus Frederick became the first grand master of the United Grand Lodge of England, serving from 1813-43. While serving in the British military establishment in North America, Edward Augustus was on the rolls of the Craft in Nova Scotia.

Clarence R. Edwards (1860-1931) Major General U.S. Army. b. Jan. 1, 1860 at Cleveland, Ohio and graduated U.S. Military Academy in 1883. Commissioned in the latter year, he advanced through grades to major general in 1917. He organized the 26th Infantry Division and commanded it for 10 months on the front lines in France. Held numerous commands on his return to the U.S. He retired in 1922. Member of Euclid Lodge in Boston, Mass. d. Feb. 14, 1931.

Edward I. Edwards (1863-1931) U.S. Senator from New Jersey, 192329 and Governor of New Jersey, 192023. b. Dec. 1, 1863 at Jersey City, N.J. He was connected with the First National Bank of Jersey City from 1882. He was a state senator from Hudson Co. in 1919, resigning to become governor. Member of Bergen Lodge No. 47, Jersey Ctiy, being initiated on Feb. 6, 1891. 32° AASR and Shriner. d. Jan. 26, 1931.

Gus Edwards (1879-1945) Theatrical producer, composer and vaudeville star. Raised Jan. 16, 1904 in Independent Lodge No. 185, New York City. Dimitted May 4, same year and reaffiliated May 19, 1906.

Henry W. Edwards (1779-1847) U.S. Senator from Connecticut, 182327 and Governor of Connecticut, 183338. b. in New Haven, Conn., the son of Pierpont Edwards, q.v., first grand master of Connecticut. He studied at the Litchfield law school and settled in New Haven where he was twice elected to congress as a Democrat, serving from 1819-1823. He also served in the two state legislative bodies. He was initiated in Hiram Lodge No. 1 of New Haven on Feb. 2, 1809 and elected secretary of the lodge the same year. He was exalted in Franklin Chapter No. 2, R.A.M. of New Haven on June 14, 1810 and greeted in Harmony Council, R. & S.M. on Oct. 16, 1818. d. July 22, 1847.

John Edwards (1748-1837) One of the first two U.S. Senators from Kentucky, 1791-1795. Born in Virginia, he moved to that portion of the state now comprising Kentucky in 1780, where he owned some 23,000 acres of land. He was a member of the state legislature from 1781-85 and again from 1795-1800. He was elected to the convention that ratified the Federal constitution as well as his own state conventions of 1785-88. Member of Abraham Lodge No. 8, Louisville, Ky.

Morton Edwards English sculptor. Made a Mark Master in Thistle Lodge No. 8, London, England on Oct. 1, 1869.

Ninian Edwards (1775-1833) U.S. Senator from Illinois, 1818-24; Governor of Illinois Territory, 1809-18 and Governor of Illinois, 1826-30. Born in Maryland, he was educated at Dickinson College in Pennsylvania and moved to Kentucky at age of 20. At one time his education was directed by William Wirt, q.v., the presidential candidate on the anti-Masonic ticket. A lawyer, he became chief justice of the supreme court of Kentucky at the age of 32. He moved to Illinois when President Madison appointed him governor of the territory and remained there until his death. He was one of the first two U.S. Senators from Illinois just as his uncle, John Edwards, q.v., had been in Kentucky. He was a member of Lexington Lodge No. 1, Lexington, Ky. d. July 20, 1833.

Pierpont Edwards (1750-1826) Member of the Continental Congress of 1787-88. b. April 8, 1750 in Northampton, Mass., his father was a missionary to the Stockbridge (Mass.) Indians and young Pierpont became so proficient in the Indian language that he said he "often thought in Indian." He graduated from Princeton in 1768 and began practice of law in New Haven, Conn. in 1771. He was appointed administrator of the estate of Benedict Arnold, q.v., at the time of his treason. He took an early stand in favor of independence and served in the Revolutionary Army, taking part in two battles. At the time of his death he was a judge of the U.S. district court. He was initiated in Hiram Lodge No. 1, New Haven, Dec. 28, 1775, serving as master of the lodge in 1777-78, and was the first grand master of the Grand Lodge of Connecticut, 1789-90. His son, Henry W., q.v., became U.S. senator and governor of Connecticut. d. April 5, 1826.

Charles Howard, 2nd Baron of Effingham Willard E. Edwards Originator of The Perpetual Calendar. b. Dec. 11, 1903 at Chatham, Mass. He was educated at Mass. Inst. of Tech.; B.S., U. of Oklahoma and graduate work at U. of Southern Calif. He originated The Perpetual Calendar in 1919, which was officially endorsed by Hawaiian legislature in 1943 and by Mass. in 1952. The calendar has been proposed by congressional resolution in 1943, 45, 47, 49, 51, and 53. A writer and lecturer since 1922, he has been a research engineer with Radio Corp. of America, Alexander Aircraft Co., American Telephone & Telegraph Co. and others. In WWII he served as a lieutenant commander in the U.S. Navy. Raised in Wollaston Lodge, Quincy, Mass. on March 17, 1925. He later affiliated with Norman Lodge No. 38, Norman, Okla. (1929- 33) ; Silveyville Lodge No. 201, Dixon, Calif. (1933-35); Fullerton Lodge No. 339, Fullerton, Calif. (1936-46) and Honolulu Lodge No. 409, Honolulu, Hawaii since 1947. Received AASR (SJ) degrees in 1958. Life member of Square and Compass Club of Midway Island.

Edwin Early Masonic tradition claims him as the son of Athelstan (895-940), King of England, who was the son of King Edward the Elder and grandson of King Alfred. Practically all of the Old Charges, after the first two, refer to Athelstan as having a son called Edwin, "and hee loued masons much more than his father . . . and a Comifsion to hould euer yeare and Afsembly." By tradition, the first was held at York in 926. Whether Athelstan had a son named Edwin is doubtful. Historians have agreed that he had a brother of that name, but the brother was drowned in his youth (933). A theory has been advanced that the "Edwin" referred to in the Old Charges may have been Edwin, King of Northumberland (585?-633).

David Edwin (1776-1841) American engraver. b. Dec., 1776 in Bath, England. His father, John, was a comedian. David was apprenticed to Jossi, a Dutch engraver residing in England, who soon returned to Holland, taking David with him. Disagreeing with his master, he left before his apprenticeship was over and shipped as a sailor on an American vessel bound for Philadelphia, hoping eventually to reach London. He arrived in Philadelphia in December of 1797, and obtained employment from an English publisher, and later worked for Edward Savage, the painter. His specialty was engraving portraits and his work was credited with being the best produced in America up to that time. His copies of Gilbert Stuart's paintings were especially good. He made copies of portraits by the artists Peale, Waldo, Wood, Jarvis, Sully and Neagle. After 20 years of application, his eyesight failed and he was compelled to resort to other work to earn a living. He was initiated in Columbia Lodge No. 91, Philadelphia on March 1, 1806 and later served as master of the lodge. d. Feb. 22, 1841.

Stillman W. Eells (1873-1937) American foreign service officer and businessman. b. April 24, 1873 at Cleveland, Ohio. Graduated from Yale in 1895. Became president of the Wheeler Mfg. Co. and the Alignum Co., retiring from active business in 1904. From 1918-35 he served as U.S. consul in British East Africa, Bermuda, Kenya, Madeira, Leeds, England, Ceylon, Cardiff, Wales, and Valencia, Spain. Member of Albion Lodge No. 26, New York City, receiving degrees on Jan. 9, Jan. 23 and Feb. 13, 1899. He was junior warden of his lodge in 1901-02. d. May 12, 1937.

Charles Howard, 2nd Baron of Effingham (1536-1624) Of the English house of Howard, he was also the 1st Earl of Nottingham. Ambassador to France in 1559; lord chamberlain from 1574-85, and as lord high admiral from 1585-1618, he held the chief command against the Spanish Armada in 1588, which he defeated. He was the commissioner for the trial of Mary, Queen of Scots in 1586. According to William Preston, q.v., he was grand master of England from 1579-88.

Thomas, 3rd Earl of Effingham Served the Grand Lodge of England as pro grand master from 1782-90 in place of the Duke of Cumberland, who was of royal blood.

Philippe Egalite (see Due de Chartres) W. Grant Egbert (1869-1928) Musician. b. Dec. 28, 1869 at Danby, N.Y. Received M.A. in music from Syracuse U. in 1904 and studied in Europe under several masters. He made his debut at age of eight as a violinist, touring the U.S. and the capitals of Europe. He was concert-meister and assistant conductor of the Sevcik Orchestra at Prague for three years, and in 1892 founded and directed the Ithaca Conservatory of Music, bringing Cesar Thomson and 0. Sevcik to the U.S. as instructors. Member of Fidelity Lodge No. 51, Ithaca, N.Y., receiving degrees on April 15, May 6 and May 20, 1902. d. Dec. 18, 1928.

Edward Eggleston (1837-1902) American author. b. Dec. 10, 1837 in Vevay, Ind. He was a Methodist pastor and Bible agent in Minnesota from 1858-66, but his poor health forced him to turn to other occupations for a living, which as he stated were "always honest, but sometimes undignified." In 1866 he moved to Evanston, Ill., where he was associate editor of the Little Corporal, a children's paper, to which he had previously contributed. Within a year he became the editor of Sunday School Teacher and gained a reputation as a speaker. During this time he was a contributor to the New York Independent, and in 1870 moved to New York and became its literary editor, and later the editor. In 1871 he became editor of Hearth and Home, but resigned in a year due to ill health, and spent the remainder of his life writing. Among his novels depicting early life in Indiana are The Hoosier Schoolmaster; The End of the World; The Circuit Rider; Roxy; The Hoosier Schoolboy; The Graysons, and The Faith Doctor. He received his degrees in Ancient Landmark Lodge No. 5, St. Paul, Minn., in 1863.

William H. Egle (1830-1901) Historian and physician. b. Sept. 17, 1830 in Harrisburg, Pa. He spent three years as a printer on the Pennsylvania Telegraph and later became editor of Literary Companion and also Daily Times. He graduated in medicine from U. of Pennsylvania in 1859 and served during the Civil War as a surgeon, being chief medical officer of General Birney's division. From 1871, he turned his attention to historical research, and, in 1887 was appointed state librarian of Pennsylvania. Most of his writings are on Pennsylvania history including Notes and Queries Relating to Interior Pennsylvania; History of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania in the Revolution, and many others. He was a member of Perseverance Lodge No. 21 of Harrisburg, Pa., receiving degrees on Oct. 9, Nov. 9, 1854, serving as master in 1866 and resigning in 1870. d. in 1901.

Alexander, 10th Earl of Eglinton Grand Master Mason (15th) of Scotland in 1750. House of Montgomerie.

Archibald, 16th Earl of Eglinton Grand Master Mason (82nd) of Scotland in 1920. Also Earl of Winton.

Arthur B. Eisenhower Scottish peer of the realm. Initiated in Apollo University Lodge No. 357 in 1936. Affiliated with Lodge No. 0 in 1947 and master of same in 1953. Substitute grand master in 1955.

Fausto Ehluller, with the Arago brothers, is said to have established the first Masonic lodge in Mexico City; he enlisted the support of the most distinguished men of Mexico, including the Mexican national hero, Miguel Hidalgo, curate of the village of Hidalgo, state of Guanajuato; he later was known as the father of Mexican Independence. He was initiated in 1808. He was defeated at the River Santiago, 1811, and betrayed into the hands of the Spaniards, q.v.

John C. B. Ehringhaus (1882-1949) Governor of North Carolina, 1933-37. b. Feb. 5, 1882 at Elizabeth City, N.C. Graduate of U. of N.C., and admitted to bar in 1903, practicing at Elizabeth City. After a term as governor, he practiced at Raleigh. Member of Eureka Lodge No. 317 of Elizabeth City (EA Nov. 13, 1917; FC Feb. 18, 1918; MM Feb. 26, 1918). Exalted in Cherokee Chapter No. 14, R.A.M. on Oct. 14, 1920 and knighted in Griggs Commandery No. 14, K.T. on Feb. 1, 1921—all of Elizabeth City, N.C. d. July 29, 1949.

Robert L. Eichelberger Lieutenant General, U.S. Army. b. March 9, 1886 at Urbana, Ohio. Graduate of U.S. Military Academy in 1909 and advanced through grades to major general in 1941 and lieutenant general in 1942. He served on Mexican border in 1911, Canal Zone, 1911-15, and major of infantry in 1918-19. He was with the Siberian Expeditionary Forces in 1918; Philippines, 1920; China and Japan, 1920-21; General Staff, 1921-24; adjutant general of U.S. Military Academy, 1931-35; sec. General Staff at Washington, 1935-38; commander of the Presidio, San Francisco and 30th Infantry, 1938-40; superintendent of U.S. Military Academy, 1940-42. In WWII he commanded the 77th Infantry div., 1st Corps, and participated in Philippines reoccupation, New Guinea and New Britain campaigns. He commanded the 8th Army from 1944-48 and the allied and U.S. occupation forces of Japan from 1946-48 when he retired. Author of Our Bloody Jungle Road to Tokyo. Member of Pike Lodge No. 36, Washington, D.C., 32° AASR in Army Consistory, Fort Leavenworth, Kans. on Nov. 28, 1925. d. Sept. 26, 1961.

Rudolph Eickemeyer (1831-1895) American inventor. b. in Altenbamberg, Bavaria, coming to the U.S. in 1850. He patented about 150 inventions including a hat-manufacturing machine that helped revolutionize that industry; a differential gear for mowing and reaping machine in 1870; many electrical machines and devices, including the first symmetrical drum armature iron-clad dynamo, direct-connected railway motor and others. He was the discoverer and first employer of Charles P. Steinmetz. Member of Rising Star Lodge No. 450, Yonkers, N.Y.

Carl Ben Eielson (1897-1929) Aviator and Arctic explorer. b. July 20, 1897 at Hatton, N.D. Early Arctic aviator who taught others about Arctic flying and flew Sir Hubert Wilkins over the North Pole. The plane in which they made the trip is in the North Dakota state historical building at Bismarck, where it is deposited as a memorial to Eielson. A member of Garfield Lodge No. 105 at Hatton, N.D., his degrees were conferred March 31, June 3, Sept. 16, 1921. He was lost while on a rescue mission in the Siberian Arctic on Nov. 9, 1929.

Arthur B. Eisenhower (1886-1958) Executive Vice President of Commerce Trust Co., Kansas City, Mo., and brother of President Eisenhower. b. Nov. 11, 1886 at Hope, Kans. With the Commerce Trust since 1905. Was a director of several banks and corporations including TWA airlines. Member of Rural Lodge No. 316 of Kansas City. Member of Orient Chapter No. 102, R.A.M. and Oriental Commandery No. 35, K.T., but withdrew from each in 1937. Also withdrew from Ararat Shrine Temple in 1938. d. Feb., 1958.

Dwight D. Eisenhower President of the United States. He is not a Freemason, but holds the fraternity in high regard. On February 24, 1955 he addressed 1,100 Freemasons at a breakfast given by Frank S. Land in the Statler Hotel in Washington, D.C. At this time he stated: "I feel a distinct sense of pride in appearing before this group which takes on its own shoulders the care and welfare of the unfortunate. This group, by action, recognizes the responsibilities of brotherhood by helping one another . . . you are setting an example to all of us that we must do our duty if we are to prove the Communists to be in error—to be liars.”

Milton S. Eisenhower President of Pennsylvania State University since 1950. b. Sept. 15, 1899 at Abilene, Kans. Graduate of Kansas State Coll. in 1924. Honorary degrees from 17 colleges and universities. City editor of the Abilene Daily Reflector in 1918 and 1920-21. From 1924-26 he was U.S. vice consul at Edinburgh, Scotland. From 1926-40 he was with the U.S. department of agriculture as assistant to the secretary and director of information. He was director of the War Relocation Authority in 1942 and associate director of the Office of War Information 1942-43. From 1943-50 he was president of Kansas State Coll. He has served on many national and international committees on education, relief, etc., including membership on the executive board of UNESCO special ambassador and personal representative of the Presidenton Latin American affairs, and director of Freedoms Foundation. Made a Mason "at sight" by the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania on Nov. 5, 1951 by William E. Yeager, grand master; petitioned State College Lodge No. 700 at State College, Pa., on May 13, 1952 and was admitted June 10, 1952.

Walter E. Ekblaw (1882-1949) Geographer. Geologist and botanist on Crocker Land Arctic Expedition of 1913-17. b. March 10, 1882 at Rantoul, Ill. Graduate of U. of Illinois including Ph.D. He was research associate of American Museum of Natural History, 1917-22, consultant geologist until 1924 and editor of Economic Geography from 1924. Member of Rantoul Lodge No. 470, Rantoul, Ill., receiving degrees on June 5, June 21 and Aug. 30, 1906. d. June 5, 1949.

Samuel Elbert (1743-1788) Revolutionary Brigadier General; Governor of Georgia, and last grand master of Georgia to be appointed by the United Grand Lodge of England. b. in Prince William parish, S.C., he was orphaned at an early age and went to Savannah. In 1774, he was elected captain of a grenadier company and entered the Continental army with rank of lieutenant colonel in 1776. He participated in an expedition against the British in East Florida and later captured Fort Oglethorpe. At the action of Brier Creek, where he commanded 60 continentals and 160 militia, he was surrounded on three sides and made a valiant stand. He was captured and wounded in this action and according to accounts was saved by a British officer who drew him out of the line of fire when he had given a Masonic sign. He was a member of Solomon Lodge No. 1, Savannah. He resigned as grand master of the Provincial Grand Lodge of Georgia (under English constitution) on Dec. 16, 1786 in order that the new Grand Lodge of Georgia might be organized. He was made brigadier general in 1783 and subsequently held the rank of major general of Georgia militia. Elbert county, Ga., was named in his honor. d. Nov. 2, 1788.

Samuel H. Elbert (1833-1899) Governor of Colorado Territory in 1873. b. in Logan Co., Ohio. Following his term as governor, he was justice of the supreme court of Colorado. He was initiated in Plattsmouth Lodge No. 6 of Nebraska and was a charter member and first master of Union Lodge No. 7, Denver, Colo. in 1863, serving again in 1869. He was also a charter member of Denver Chapter No. 2, R.A.M. and member of Colorado Commandery No. 1, K.T., Denver. d. Nov. 27, 1899.

Francis, Lord Elcho Grand Master Mason (57th) of Scotland in 1827-29. He was later the 8th Earl of Wemyss.

Bowman Elder (1888-1954) President of Southern Indiana Railway and veterans' organization executive. b. March 4, 1888 at Indianapolis, Ind. Entered real estate business with father in 1912. Vice president of Circle Agencies, Inc., and consular agent for France at Indianapolis, 1934-40. Served in France during WWI. In 1927 he was chairman of the France Convention Committee of the American Legion when 20,000 legionaires, known as the "2nd A.E.F." went to France. It was the largest peace time movement in history. He was national treasurer of the American Legion, 1928-33. Received his degrees in Oriental Lodge No. 500, Indianapolis, Ind., on Oct. 21, Oct. 28, Nov. 4, 1919. d. June 10, 1954.

Harry S. Eldred Executive Vice President of Armour & Co., since 1950. b. Jan. 21, 1889 at Colfax, Ind. He was an auditor from 1909 until 1919 when he became plant managerof Morris & Co., Kansas City. In 1923 he went with Armour as plant accountant, becoming general auditor in 1925, assistant to vice president in charge of operations in 1930, general manager of plants in 1934, vice president in charge of operations in 1936 and executive vice president and member of executive committee since 1950. Mason.

Charles, 5th Earl of Elgin Grand Master Mason (23rd) of Scotland, 1761-62. Also the 7th Earl of Kincardine.

Edward James Bruce, 10th Earl of Elgin Grand Master Mason (83rd) of Scotland, 1921-22. Also 14th Earl of Kincardine. Initiated in Lord Elgin and Bruce Lodge No. 1077 in 1912 and served as master in 1913 and 1922. He affiliated with Lodge No. 77 and was master in 1914. Also member of Old Etonian Lodge No. 4500 (English) and master of it in 1928. Founding member of Librarius Lodge No. 6966 (English); member of Royal Altha Lodge No. 16 (English) and master of same in 1948. Honorary past master of Elgin Lodge No. 7 (Quebec) in 1923. He is past senior grand warden of the Grand Lodge of England and an active Royal Arch Mason. He is the head of the Royal Order of Scotland, an organization traditionally founded by his ancestor, Robert le Bruce. The earl lives at Broomhall, Dunfermline, and in the entrance hall is displayed the famous sword of Robert le Bruce, q.v., that has been handed down through the family.

John Eliot (1604-1690) "Apostle of the Indians," minister and author. b. in Widford, Hertfordshire, England on Aug. 5, 1604. He graduated from Cambridge in 1622, and after teaching school, he entered the holy orders of the Church of England. On Nov. 4, 1631 he landed in Boston, Mass. He first preached in a Boston church and then moved to Roxbury where he taught the Indians for 60 years. He saw much of his work with the Indians destroyed by King Philip's War. He was the author of A Primer or Catechism, in the Massachusetts Indian Language (1654); Up-Bookum Psalmes (1663) and many others. His Indian translation of the Bible in 1663 was the first Bible printed in North America. Although he is thought to have been a Freemason, no record has been found. Mackey's Encyclopedia shows a facsimile of a shipping mark with Masonic emblems sent to Eliot from England.

Elizabeth I (1533-1603) Queen of England and Ireland from 1558-1603. Anderson referred to her in his first Book of Constitutions of the Grand Lodge of England. After stating that no woman should be admitted as a member of a Masonic lodge, he said: "The learned and magnanimous Queen Elizabeth, who encourag'd other Arts, discourag'd this; because, being a Woman, she could not be made a Mason, tho', as other great Women, she might have much employ'd Masons like Semiramis and Artemisia." He continued, "Elizabeth being jealous of any Assemblies of her Subjects, whose Business she was not duly appris'd of, attempted to break up the Annual Communication of Masons, as dangerous to her Government. But as old Masons have transmitted it by Tradition, when the noble Persons her Majesty had commissioned, and brought a sufficient Posse with them at York, on St. John's Day, were once admitted into the Lodge, they made no use of Arms, and returned the Queen a most honorable Account of the ancient Fraternity, whereby her political fears and doubts were dispell'd, and she let them alone as a People much respected by the Noble and Wise of all the polite Nations, but neglected the Art all her Reign." In his edition of 1738, Anderson added the following:"Now Learning of all Sorts revived, and the good old Augustan Style began to peep from under its rubbish. And it would have soon made great progress if the Queen had affected Architecture. But hearing the Masons had certain secrets that could not be reveal'd to her (for that she could not be Grand Master) and being jealous of all Secret Assemblies, she sent an armed force to break up their annual Grand Lodge at York on St. John's Day, 27th December, 1561. But Sir Thomas Sackville, Grand Master, took care to make some of the chief men sent Free-Masons, who then joining in that Communication, made a very honourable report to the Queen, and she never more attempted to dislodge or distrust them, but esteem'd them as a peculiar sort of men that cultivated peace and friendship, arts and science, without meddling in the affairs of Church and State." This is undoubtedly pure fiction.

Elizabeth H Queen of England. She is grand patroness of each of the three Royal Masonic Benevolent Institutions conducted by the Grand Lodge of England—one for old people and one each for boys and girls. When she married Lord Mountbatten, now Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, q.v., the United Grand Lodge of England presented her with a gift costing $2,500 in appreciation of the services her father, King George VI, q.v.; rendered to the Craft.

Stephen B. Elkins (1841-1911) U.S. Secretary of War, 1891-93, and U.S. Senator from West Virginia, 1895- 1911. b. Sept. 26, 1841 in Perry Co., Ohio, moving to Missouri in his youth and attending the U. of Missouri in 1860. He served as a captain of the 77th Missouri regiment in the Civil War and later went to New Mexico, where he was admitted to the bar in 1864. He accumulated a fortune in stock raising and mining and was a member of the territorial legislature in 1865-66 and U.S. district attorney in 1870-72. He was then elected a delegate to congress and served two terms, 1873-77. In 1875 he became interested in West Virginia railroads, founding the town of Elkins, W.Va. and moving there about 1890. He was a member of Montezuma Lodge No. 109, New Mexico. At one time he was captured by Quantrill's band, tied up and ready to be shot, when, it is claimed, he gave a Masonic sign and was enabled to make his escape.

William L. Elkins Founder of the Pennsylvania Masonic Home for Girls. He became a member of Harmony Lodge No. 52 of Philadelphia on June 4, 1864.

Henry Ellenbogen U.S. Congressman, 73rd to 75th Congresses (193338) from 33rd Pa. dist. b. April 3, 1900. Graduate of Duquesne U. He has been judge of the court of common pleas of Allegheny Co. since 1938. Active in labor arbitration, he is a member of the national panel of arbitrators of American Arbitration Assn. Member of Oakland Lodge No. 535, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Mizpeh Chapter No. 288, R.A.M. and Allegheny Council No. 18, R. & S.M. of Pittsburgh and Islam Grotto.

William Ellery (1727-1820) Signer of the Declaration of Independence. b. Dec. 22, 1727 at Newport, RI., where his father was a successful merchant and politician. Like his father, he attended Harvard, graduating in 1747. He later engaged in business in Newport and began the practice of law there in 1770. He took his seat in the Continental Congress in May, 1776 and was an influential member. In 1785 he was an active supporter of Rufus King, q.v., in his effort to abolish slavery throughout the country. He served in congress until 1786 with the exception of the years 1780 and 1782. d. Feb. 15, 1820. It cannot be said for certain that Ellery was a Freemason. There is record of a "William Ellery" being made a Mason in St. John's Lodge of Boston on Oct. 12 and also Oct. 25 of 1748. Ellery had graduated from Harvard in Boston the year before. The same Ellery was present at the celebration of St. John the Evangelist Day by the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts on Dec. 27, 1753 and also attended a sermon with the grand lodge at Boston's Trinity church on Oct. 1, 1755. His name on the list of members of St. John's gives the date of reception, but under the column for withdrawal or death, no entry was made, indicating they had no knowledge of what became of him. There was also such a name on the rolls of St. John's Lodge No. 4, Hartford, Conn., showing he was admitted Feb. 8, 1763 and was treasurer of the lodge later in the year.

Aaron Elliott (?-1811) First American physician west of the Mississippi and first master of the first lodge west of that river. He came to Missouri from Connecticut, settling near Ste. Genevieve. Land records of 1798 show that he purchased a tract from Maxwell, the Cure, that year. He probably received his degrees in the East, for he is found as a visitor at Kaskaskia No. 107 (across the river in Illinois) on Dec. 27, 1806 at the feast of St. John the Evangelist. He next appears as one of the signers of the application for a dispensation for Louisiana Lodge No. 109, being recommended in the petition (to the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania) as master of the lodge. The first returns of the lodge (1808) gives his name as master and charter member. When St. Louis Lodge No. 111 applied for a dispensation on Aug. 2, 1808, it had to have the approval of the nearest lodge —which was No. 109 at Ste. Genevieve. Their action was prompt, for six days later, on Aug. 8, Elliott as master signed the request directed to the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, stating . . . "we do further recommend Brother Meriwether Lewis, q.v., a Past Master Mason, Thomas Fiveash Riddick, q.v., a Master Mason, and Brother Rufus Easton, q.v., a Master Mason, as proper persons to fill the respective offices to which they have been nominated in a new Lodge to be constituted in the town of St. Louis. . . ." His family was closely allied with the old established families of Ste. Genevieve, one daughter marrying William C. Carr and another Leon Delassus. d. July, 1811.

Byron K. Elliott President of John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Co. b. May 5, 1899 at Indianapolis, Ind. Degrees from Indiana and Harvard universities. Admitted to Indiana bar in 1921, practicing at Indianapolis. Was judge of the superior court of Indiana from 1926-29, resigning in the latter year. President of the Curtis-Wright Flying Service of Ind. 1927-29. Went with John Hancock in 1934 as a solicitor, becoming general counsel, director, executive vice president and president. Served as lieutenant in WWI. Mason, receiving 33° AASR (NJ) in Sept., 1957.

Erroll T. Elliott College president, editor and executive of Friends of America. b. Nov. 10, 1894 at Carthage, Mo. Degrees from Friends U. (Wichita, Kans.) and U. of Colorado. A pastor of the Friends church from 192630 and secretary of Five Years Meeting of Friends in America, 1930-36. President of William Penn Coll. at Oskaloosa, Ia., 1942-44. Since 1944 he has been executive secretary of Five Years Meeting of Friends and editor of The American Friend at Richmond, Ind. Mason.

Francis P. Elliott (1861-1924) Editor. b. July 29, 1861 at Nashville, Tenn. Taught and supervised schools in early years. With Harper & Bros., New York, 1898-1900; managing editor of Home Magazine, New York, 1900-03; The New Age, Washington, 1903-04; The Great Southwest, Denver, 1906-08. Author of Pals First; Lend Me Your Name; and The Shadow Girl. Mason. d. Aug. 13, 1924.

I. H. Elliott Union Brigadier General, Civil War. Breveted March 13, 1865 in Volunteers. Member of Bureau Lodge No. 112, Princeton, Ill.

James D. Elliott (1859-1933) U.S. District Judge, District of South Dakota, 1911-33. b. Oct. 7, 1859 at Mt. Sterling, Ill. Admitted to S.D. bar in 1884 and practiced at Tyndall, and later, Aberdeen. Raised in Mount Zion Lodge No. 6, Springfield, S.D. on March 27, 1887, affiliating with Bon Homme Lodge No. 101 at Tyndall as a charter member on June 18, 1888; was senior deacon of the latter in 1889-90. d. Jan. 30, 1933.

Kenneth B. Elliott Vice President of the Studebaker Corp. from 1941. b. Jan. 22, 1896 at Lebanon, Mo. Graduate of Drury Coll., Springfield, Mo. in 1916. Began as an accountant and auditor. Went with the Studebaker Corp. in 1928 as assistant treasurer and was later assistant comptroller and assistant to president. Member of Laclede Lodge No. 83 and Lebanon Chapter No. 64, both of Lebanon, Mo.

Clyde T. Ellis U.S. Congressman, 76th and 77th Congresses (1939-43) from 3rd Ark. dist. b. Dec. 21, 1908 near Garfield, Ark. Admitted to bar in 1933 and practiced at Garfield and Bentonville. Served terms in both bodies of the state legislature. Member of Bentonville Lodge No. 48, Bentonville, Ark.

Crawford H. Ellis President of Pan American Life Insurance Co. from 1912 and Vice President of United Fruit Co. from 1909. b. Aug. 26, 1875 at Selma, Ala. He began as an accountant in 1893 and in 1899 was manager of the United Fruit Co., serving in that capacity until 1909 when he became vice president. Mason and Knight Templar.

Griffith 0. Ellis (1869-1948) Editor, publisher and Boy Scout founder. b. Nov. 19, 1869 at Urbana, Ohio. Graduate of U. of Michigan. Became connected with the Sprague Publishing Co., Detroit in 1891 and was president of it from 1908-39. He was editor of the American Boy published by the above house from 1908-40. Also president of the Wm. A. Scripps Co. He participated in the organization of the Boy Scouts of America in 1910 and has served on the national council since that time. Received the award of Silver Buffalo in 1931 from Boy Scouts. Was an officer of two banks and president of the Detroit Street Railway Commission from 1920-30 which municipalized Detroit's system. Raised April 11, 1911 in Oriental Lodge No. 240; 32° AASR (NJ). d. Feb. 4, 1948.

John W. Ellis (1820-1861) Governor of North Carolina, 1858-61, dying in office. b. Nov. 25, 1820 in Rowan Co., N.C. Graduate of U. of North Carolina in 1841 and admitted to bar following year. A member of the state house of commons from 1844-48 when he was elected judge of the superior court of N.C. As governor he took possession of the U.S. arsenal at Fayetteville and the U.S. mint at Charlotte in 1861. He was a member of Fulton Lodge No. 99, Salisbury, N.C. and master of same in 1853. In 1850 he represented Wm. R. Davie Lodge No. 119 at the grand lodge sessions. Also member of Salisbury Chapter No. 20, R.A.M.

Thomas Q. Ellis General Grand High Priest of the General Grand Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, 1954-57. b. Dec. 11, 1890 near Bolling Green, Miss. Educated in public schools and business college. For 20 years he was a train dispatcher for the Illinois Central Railroad, but turning to politics in 1931, he was elected clerk of the supreme court of Mississippi over five opponents in the largest vote ever given a statewide candidate, and took office in Jan., 1932. Since that time he has been reelected five times without opposition. He is a life member of Valley City Lodge No. 402, Water Valley, Miss., and past grand master of the Grand Lodge of Mississippi; life member of McConico Chapter No. 96, R.A:M., Water Valley, and grand high priest of the state in 1941; life member and past master of J. J. Melton Council No. 50, R. & S.M.; life member and past commander of St. Cyr Commandery No. 6 and past grand commander of the Grand Commandery, K.T. of Mississippi. He is past sovereign of St. Leonard Conclave, Red Cross of Constantine; member of Delta Consistory, AASR (SJ) and KCCH. Ellis is much in demand as a public speaker.

William H. Ellis (1867-1948) Justice, Supreme Court of Florida, 1911-38. b. Sept. 17, 1867 in Pensacola, Fla. Admitted to bar in 1889. Served Florida as state auditor and attorney general. Mason. d. April 14, 1948.

George R. Ellison (1881-1957) Judge, Supreme Court of Missouri, 1931-1955. b. July 22, 1881 at Canton, Mo. Graduate of Harvard U. in 1903, he studied law at U. of Missouri and was admitted to bar in 1904, practicing at Maryville. He was a commissioner of the state supreme court from 192730. Member of Nodaway Lodge No. 470, Maryville, Mo., receiving degrees on Jan. 13, June 13, Aug. 1, 1912. d. July 17, 1957.

Lee Ellmaker (1896-1951) Publisher. b. Aug. 7, 1896 at Lancaster, Pa. Began as a newspaper reporter in 1913; vice president of the National City Bureau in Washington, D.C. 1918-25; correspondent for International News Service, 1919-23. In 1926 he organized the Philadelphia Daily News, and has since been its publisher. While with the Macfadden Publications from 1927-31, he published Liberty and other publications for them. From 1931-33 he published Pictorial Review and from 1932-40, Woman's World. Served with U.S. Navy in WWI. Member of Keystone Lodge No. 271, Philadelphia, receiving degrees on Dec. 8, 1919, Nov. 29, 1920 and April 18, 1921. d. March 27, 1951.

Oliver Ellsworth (1745-1807) Third Chief Justice of U.S. Supreme Court; first U.S. Senator from Connecticut. b. April 29, 1745 in Windsor, Conn. He entered Yale U. in 1762, but afterward went to Princeton U. where he was graduated in 1766 with high honors. It was while a student at Princeton that he became a charter member of St. John's Lodge at Princeton, N.J. on Dec. 27, 1765. He studied theology for a year and abandoned it for law, being admitted to the bar in 1771. In 1778 he took his seat as a delegate to the Continental congress, serving until 1783. In 1784 he accepted the assignment of judge of the Connecticut superior court and held it until he became a member of the Constitutional convention of 1787. It was through his insistence that the words "national government" were removed from the draft and "government of the United States" substituted. He was an advocate of state's rights at the convention, but did not have an opportunity to sign the Constitution as he was called home at that time. He was U.S. senator from Connecticut from 1789 to 1796 and was on the committee for organizing the U.S. judiciary, the bill being in his own handwriting. He was the Federalist leader in the senate. The mission of John Jay to England in 1794 was at his suggestion; and in 1799 he was named with Patrick Henry and William R. Davie for a special mission to France to negotiate with that country at a time of strained relations. He later served as chief justice of the supreme court of Connecticut, but ill health forced his resignation after serving a short term. d. Nov. 26, 1807.

Dave Elman Actor, radio writer and director. b. May 6, 1900, in Park River, N.D. From 1914-22 he was an actor and from 1922-24 a song writer. In the latter year he became a radio writer, director and producer. He originated and produced the radio feature Hobby Lobby in 1938. He is a lecturer on the value of hobbies and in 1939 wrote Hobbies on Parade. Mason.

Charles H. Elston U.S. Congressman to 78th through 81st Congresses (1939-51) from 1st Ohio dist. b. Aug. 1, 1891 at Marietta, Ohio. Admitted to Ohio bar in 1914 and practiced at Cincinnati. In aviation service during WWI. Member of Walnut Hills Lodge No. 483, Cincinnati, receiving degrees on March 16, April 27 and May 25, 1915; 32° AASR (NJ), Shriner, member of Royal Order of Jesters and Grotto.

Julian Eltinge (1883-1941) Actor. b. May 14, 1883 at Boston, Mass. He began his professional career at Keith's Theatre, Boston. He was famous for his female impersonations. Eltinge was a member of Pacific Lodge No. 233 of New York City and a charter member of the "233 Masonic Club" of Hollywood, Calif. d. March 7, 1941.

Ford Q. Elvidge Governor of Guam, 1953-56. b. Nov. 30, 1892 at Oakland, Calif. Admitted to Washington bar in 1918 and practiced at Seattle. Active in many civic enterprises and organizations. Served as a lieutenant in WWI with 13th Infantry. Governor of Washington State Bar Assn., 1943-46; past president of English Speaking Union. A past master of Arcane Lodge No. 87, Seattle, he was grand master of the Grand Lodge of Washington for 16 months (1944-45). He served on the grand lodge jurisprudence committee from 1945-53. A member of both York and Scottish Rites, he received his 33° AASR (SJ) on Dec. 11, 1943. In 1956 he was vice president of the American Baptist convention. Grand Sovereign of the national Red Cross of Constantine (1957).

John W. Elwood Business executive. b. July 17, 1895 at Illion, N.Y. He was assistant to vice president of General Electric Co. in 1947-48 and assistant secretary of same in 1918-22. Later he was secretary of Radio Corp. of America and vice president of Federal Telegraph Co. of Delaware. In 1927-29 he was assistant to the president of National Broadcasting Co., program manager of the same from 1928-29 and vice president, 1929-34. For a time he was a public relations consultant. He was manager of the international division of NBC and since 1942 has been general manager of NBC-KNBC at San Francisco. Mason.

Philip H. Elwood, Jr. Landscape architect and regional planner. b. Dec. 7, 1884 at Fort Plain, N.Y. Graduate of Cornell U. Organized department of landscape architecture at Ohio State U. in 1915 and head of same department at Iowa State Coll. since 1923. Landscape engineer for Argonne cemetery (France) in 1919. At various times he has been consultant or advisor to Columbus, Ohio; Iowa Conservation plan, Iowa Planning Board, National Resources Commission, Missouri Valley Regional Planning Commission, Ames, Iowa; Iowa Roadside Improvement Council, American Association of Highway Officials, U.S. Army Engineers, Boys Town, Nebr.; Pi Beta Phi settlement school (Tenn.), and National Park Service. Mason, 32° AASR.

Frank C. Emerson (1882-1931) Governor of Wyoming, 1927-30. b. May 26, 1882 at Saginaw, Mich. Graduate of U. of Michigan in 1904. Entered general engineering practice in Wyoming in 1904 and was chief engineer of the Wyoming Land & Irrigation Co. and Wyoming Irrigation Co., 1907-15. From 1915-19 he was superintendent of the Big Horn Canal Association and Lower Hanover Canal Association and also state engineer of Wyoming from 1919-27. He was made a Mason Feb. 5, 1807 in Cheyenne Lodge No. 1 at Cheyenne and affiliated with Greybull Lodge No. 34, Greybull on June 5, 1914. On Jan. 25, 1919 he affiliated with Cloud Peak Lodge No. 27 at Worland. He was made a Knight Templar in Wyoming Commandery No. 1 and received 32° AASR (SJ) on Dec. 13, 1907. d. Feb. 18, 1931.

Nehemiah Emerson A captain in the Revolutionary War who was one of the guards at the execution of Major Andre, q.v. Received his degrees in Washington Lodge No. 10 (military) and was later a member of Merrimack Lodge at Haverhill, Mass.

DeWitt McKinley Emery (18961955) Founder of National Small Business Men's Association in 1937 and president of same. b. Dec. 12, 1896 at Grove City, Pa. President and treasurer of Monroe Letterhead Co. since 1929. Mason. d. July 23, 1955.

Louis L. Emmerson (1863-1941) Governor of Illinois, 1929-33. b. Dec. 27, 1863 at Albion, Ill. He entered the mercantile business in Mt. Vernon, Ill. in 1883 and in 1901 organized and was president of the Third National Bank, Mt. Vernon. Active in Republican politics, he was chairman of the state central committee, served on state board of equalization and was elected secretary of state in 1916, 1920 and 1924. He was initiated on Dec. 8, 1890 in Mt. Vernon Lodge No. 31 and was grand master of the Grand Lodge of Illinois in 1929. 33° AASR (NJ). He was also grand commander of the Grand Commandery, K.T. of Illinois and in 1929 was appointed grand treasurer of the Grand Encampment, K.T. In 1913 he was grand high priest of the Grand Chapter, R.A.M. of Illinois. d. Feb. 4, 1941.

Raoul Engel Belgian Masonic martyr. A past grand master of the Grand Lodge of Belgium. He was one of 112 Freemasons murdered during the Nazi occupation of this country. Others included Georges Petre, grand commander of the Scottish Rite in Belgium, the lieutenant grand commander, General Emile Lartigue and eleven of the twelve members of the supreme council. Broadcasts over the Nazi radio stations in 1941 accused Freemasonry thusly: "To sabotage everything, to befoul everything, to lead the people to ruin, to sow hatred and despair everywhere, sums up the whole activity of the Freemasons.”

Fred Englehardt (1885-1944) President of the University of New Hampshire from 1937. b. April 15, 1885 at Naugatuck, Conn. Graduate of Yale, Columbia and Harvard universities. Taught and administered schools until 1919. Was director of administration in Pennsylvania state department of education and professor and dean at U. of Pittsburgh and U. of Minnesota. Member of No. Constellation Lodge No. 291, Malone, N.Y. d. Feb. 3, 1944.

Elbert H. English (1816-1884) Chief Justice of Supreme Court of Arkansas, 1854-1884. b. March 6, 1816 in Madison Co., Ala. He studied law and practiced at Athens, Ala. until 1844 when he moved to Little Rock, Ark. He was general grand high priest of the General Grand Chapter from 1874-77. Raised in Athens Lodge No. 16, Athens, Ala. In 1843 he affiliated with Western Star Lodge No. 2 in Little Rock and was master in 1845 and served as grand master of Arkansas in 1849. In 1859 he was againelected grand master and served continuously for ten years. He was exalted in Union Chapter No. 2, Little Rock, in 1846 and was a member of the convention that formed the Grand Chapter of Arkansas in 1851, being elected first grand high priest in 1851, 1857, 1858, 1869 and 1870. The cryptic degrees were communicated to him by Albert Pike, q.v., in 1853 for the purpose of organizing Occidental Council No. 1. When the Grand Council of Arkansas was organized in 1860, he was elected grand recorder. In 1865, 1866, 1871 and 1872 he was grand master of the same. English was knighted in Hugh de Payens Commandery No. 1, Little Rock, on its organization in 1853 and assisted in organizing the Grand Commandery of Arkansas in 1872. He was grand commander in 1876-77. Received 33° AASR (SJ) in 1859 and made grand inspector general and honorary member of the Supreme Council. d. Sept. 1, 1884.

James E. English (1812-1890) U.S. Senator and Governor of Connecticut. b. March 13, 1812 in New Haven, Conn. He was apprenticed in a carpenter's shop and by the time he reached his majority was a master builder. He engaged in the lumber business, real estate, banking and manufacturing and became one of the richest men in the state. He served in both legislative bodies of the state in the 1850's and was U.S. congressman from 1861-65. Served as governor of Connecticut from 1867-70 and elected U.S. senator in 1875. Member of Trumbull Lodge No. 22, New Haven. d. March 2, 1890.

William E. English (1854-1926) U.S. Congressman to 48th Congress (1883-85), from Indiana. He declined reelection. b. Nov. 3, 1854 at English-ton Park, Ind. He practiced law at Indianapolis until 1882. Served in both state legislative houses and was in the Spanish-American War under General Joseph Wheeler, being seriously wounded in the battle of Santiago. Raised in Centre Lodge No. 23, Indianapolis on March 17, 1890 and was master of same in 1893, 1894 and 1898, serving as grand master of the Grand Lodge of Indiana in 1904. A member of Indianapolis Chapter No. 5, R.A.M. he was high priest in 1900; greeted in Indianapolis Council No. 3, R. & A.M., he was master in 1900; knighted in Raper Commandery No. 1, K.T. and member of AASR (NJ) at Indianapolis. He is the author of History of Masonry in Indianapolis (190.). d. April 29, 1926.

William H. English (1822-1896) U.S. Congressman from Indiana, 185361. b. Aug. 27, 1822 in Lexington, Ind. A lawyer, he was secretary of the state convention that framed the constitution for Indiana, and was a member and first speaker of the house of representatives. From 1853-61 he was one of the regents of the Smithsonian Institution. He was nominated for vice president in 1880 on the Democratic ticket with General Hancock. Author of Conquest of the Northwest and other works. He became a member of Center Lodge No. 23, Indianapolis, when past 71 years of age (1893). d. Feb. 7, 1896.

John Entick (1703-1773) Church of England clergyman and schoolmaster. He is chiefly remembered in Freemasonry for his edition of the Book of Constitutions, published in 1756. It omitted some additions to the ancient charges which had marred Anderson's second edition of 1738. He was grand steward in 1755 and junior grand warden in 1758. His name appears on the title page of the next Book of Constitutions (1767), but it is improbable that he had much to do with its preparation as at that time he was in ill repute Masonically, as a complaint had been lodged against him regarding his administration of accounts of his lodge. His Latin dictionary was in use for many years by schools.

Eugene C. Eppley President of Eppley Hotels Co. since 1915, operating 20 hotels. b. April 8, 1884 at Akron, Ohio. Began with McKinley Hotel at Canton, Ohio in 1903. He is a director of the Sheraton Corp. of America, Mid-Continent Airlines, and served as national food administrator for hotels in WWI. In WWII he was food consultant to the secretary of war. He is a director of the Mt. Rushmore National Memorial Society of the Black Hills (S.D.) and was King Ak-Sar-Ben of the legendary Nebraskan Empire of Quivera at Omaha in 1933. Mason, 32° AASR and Shriner.

Jean Jacques Duval Epremesnil (1746-1794) Sometimes spelled Epremenu/ and Espremesnil. French jurist and politician. b. Dec. 5, 1745 at Pondicherry, India. He was educated in Paris and became a member of the French parliament, where, in 1788, he vigorously defended its rights against the royalty. For this he was imprisoned for four months. On his return to Paris, he was hailed as a hero and was chosen first deputy by the nobility. When he defended the royal cause as a member of the national assembly in 1791, and protested against the new constitution, he was attacked by a mob, wounded and rescued by the state troops. He escaped to his property near Havre, but was arrested there and condemned to death by a revolutionary tribunal at Paris and was guillotined on April 22, 1794. His wife, Francoise Augustine, who was called Mere des Pauvres, because of her many charities, was guillotined at the same time. Epremesnil was a member of the famous Lodge of the Nine Sisters at Paris, his name being on the calendar for 1788 as a "deputy" of the lodge.

George B. Erath (1813-1891) Indian fighter, soldier, surveyor. b. Jan. 1, 1813. He was a major in the battle of San Jacinto, Texas and later surveyed the site on which the city of Waco is located. Erath County, Texas is named for him. His original lodge is not known, but he was a charter member and first treasurer of Bosque Lodge No. 92, Waco (now Waco No. 92) in 1852. He served as secretary through 1855, was suspended NPD on Aug. 1, 1889, but reinstated in Dec. of that year. d. May 13, 1891.

Otto Linne Erdmann (1804-1869) German chemist who was known for his research on nickel, indigo, illuminating gas, and for determinations of atomic weights. Bulletin of International Masonic Congress (1917) states he was a Freemason.

John E. Erickson (18634946) U.S. Senator and Governor of Montana. b. March 14, 1863 at Stoughton, Wis. Admitted to Kansas bar in 1891 and moved to Montana in 1894 where he practiced at Kalispell; was county attorney and district judge. He was governor of Montana two terms, 192533, and on March 14, 1933 was appointed U.S. senator to fill a vacancy, serving until Nov. 6, 1934. He was a member of Choteau Lodge No. 44, later dimitting to Kalispell Lodge No. 42, which he served as master. Member of Cyrene Commandery No. 10, K.T. at Kalispell; 32° AASR (SJ) at Helena and Algeria Shrine Temple at Helena. d. May 25, 1946.

Leif Erickson Justice, Supreme Court of Montana. b. July 29, 1906 at Cashton, Wis. Graduate of U. of Chicago, he was admitted to Montana bar in 1934, serving as justice on supreme court from 1939-45. He received Democratic nomination for governor in 1944 and U.S. senator in 1946. Mason.

Milton S. Erlanger President of B.V.D. Co., 1929-48 and chairman of board of directors since 1948. b. Feb. 28, 1888 in Baltimore, Md. Graduateof Johns Hopkins U. in 1907. Joined B.V.D. Co. in 1907 and was elected vice president in 1909. Also director of N.C. Finishing Co., Salisbury-Erlanger Mills, Inc., Alexander Mfg. Co., and Lynchburg Garment Co. Member of Mount Neboh Lodge No. 257, New York City and Mecca Shrine Temple, New York City.

Mitchell L. Erlanger (1857-1940) Justice, Supreme Court of New York. He received a public school education and was self-educated in the classics. As sheriff of New York Co. in 1904-05 he effected many reforms and secured the release of many prisoners. Served on supreme court bench from 19071927 when he retired and was appointed official court referee for life. Received his degrees in True Craftsmen's Lodge No. 651, New York City on Jan. 23, Feb. 13 and Feb. 27, 1889; affiliated with Munn Lodge No. 190, New York City on April 13, 1893; affiliated with Pacific Lodge No. 233, New York City on Oct. 1, 1903. Member of the grand lodge committee on Hall and Asylum, 1905-06. d. Aug. 30, 1940.

Ernest Augustus (see Duke of Cumberland) Ernest II, Duke of Saxony-Coburg (1818-1893) Full name was August Karl Leopold Alexander Eduard. The older son of Ernest I, he became duke on his death in 1844. Born in Coburg, he was educated at Bonn and traveled extensively. He fought successfully in the war against Denmark in 1849. His liberal policies prevented disturbances in his duchy during the revolutionary crisis of 1848-49. A nationalist, he favored Austrian leadership and long opposed Bismarck, later siding with Prussia in the Seven Weeks' War, and took part in Franco-Prussian War of 1870. He was known as an excellent musician and wrote several operas. He was a cousin of Queen Victoria of England and a brother of the Prince fl• Samuel J. Ervin, Jr. consort, Albert, and nephew of Leopold I of Belgium. He founded the Lodge Ernst zum Compass at Gotha in 1857 and was master of the same.

Ernest Ludwig II. Duke of SaxeGotha-Altenburg (1745-1804) Initiated in Lodge Kosmopolit at Altenburg in July, 1774. In 1775 he accepted grandmastership of the National Grand Lodge of Berlin, but was obliged to resign the office a year later.

Ernst Gottlob Albert, Prince of Mecklemburg-Strelitz (1742-1785) Brother of Duke Karl Ludwig Friedrich. He became a major general in the English Army. Member of Lodge Irene zu den drei Sternen at Rostock from 1773 until his death.

Richard P. Ernst (1858-1934) U.S. Senator from Kentucky, 1921-27. b. Feb. 28, 1858 in Covington, Ky. B.A. at Centre Coll. in 1878 and LL.D. from same college. LL.B. from U. of Cincinnati in 1880. Admitted to bar in 1880, entering practice at Covington. Long active in educational and church (Presbyterian) work. Raised in Temple Noyes Lodge No. 32, Washington, D.C., and became member of Col. Clay Lodge No. 159 at Covington. d. April 13, 1934.

Leon Errol (1881-1951) Movie comedian. Member of Pacific Lodge No. 233, New York City.

Lord Henry Erskine (1746-1817) Scottish orator and wit. He was lord advocate of Scotland in 1783, and again in 1806, and dean of the faculty of advocates from 1785-95. He failed at reelection because of his condemnation of the government's sedition and treason bills as unconstitutional. He was an eloquent and witty orator at the Scottish bar and was the author of The Emigrant, an Eclogue, and several poems. He was master of Canon-gate Kilwinning Lodge at Edinburgh in 1780.

Robert Erskine (1735-1795) Surveyor General and Geographer to the Army of the United States during the Revolutionary War. b. Sept. 7, 1735 in Scotland, the son of a Presbyterian minister, he graduated at the U. of Edinburgh and became a renowned mathematician and hydraulic engineer. He was honored with membership in the Royal Society at the same time as Benjamin Franklin. He invented a hydraulic pump used in draining coal, mines and wrote on bridge design, water flow in navigation, canal improvement and tidal influences. In 1770 he came to America as a representative of a London syndicate to salvage some of their investment in the New Jersey iron mines at Ringwood. At the outbreak of the Revolution, he espoused the colonial cause and turned the iron production over to the American army. It was Erskine's iron that formed the chain boom across the Hudson at West Point. His many field survey parties ran their lines all the way from Philadelphia to Boston, and up the Hudson